Corporate social responsibility Essay

In the subsequent module, Organizational culture was talked about. It is said that culture is corporate character. Culture incorporates the fundamental qualities, convictions and standards which oversee the conduct of individuals as individuals from an association. I have discovered that it so significant in an association for it impacts accomplishment of individuals in associations and it is additionally considered as one of the six key vital structure squares of fruitful associations. There are five key parts of culture and these incorporate client customer direction, worker direction, execution measures, receptiveness to change and friends standards. Culture is the social paste that helps hold an association together by giving suitable gauges to what representatives should state or do. In this module, Values were likewise talked about. The estimations of an association express a big motivator for it and guide everyone’s conduct when managing everything from item advancement , to one another, to clients and providers. Qualities are thoughts that control or qualify your own direct, cooperation with others, and contribution in your vocation. I discovered that Values ought to be considered as a major aspect of the dynamic and the item/administration plan and client care process when growing new items/administrations. They aid the advancement of the organization’s statement of purpose, vision explanation and worth articulation. Qualities can bolster the center abilities of the association, can fill in as the beginning ground for all promoting and publicizing procedures and messages. Qualities required to perform work (client assistance for instance), can be searched for inside the estimations of the individuals you consider employing. I have likewise found out about worth framework which is an intelligent arrangement of qualities embraced and developed by an individual, association, or society as a standard to manage its conduct in inclinations in all circumstances. Another is Personal Values which are rules that characterize you as an individual and furthermore social qualities which incorporates a person’s confidence and customs that continue associations with your social roots. Corporate worth framework control an organization’s inner direct just as its relationship with its clients and accomplices. Reasoning of the executives was additionally examined and this a collection of related information that provisions a rationale for compelling deduction in looking for answers for specific sorts of business issues. These issues can be monetary, social or political. The conditions in these issues are quickly changing and therefore a manager’s thinking must be founded on essentials that don't change. Thereâ are various kinds of reasoning. These are Organizationa;, ,otivational, emergency and Customer reasoning. In Motivational Philosophy, I have learned various techniques for Motivation. The most effective method to acknowledge moral obligation and advancement of the workplace. On the otherahnd, distinguishing possible threats, arranging and reacting for those perils are the inclusion in Crisis reasoning. Last is the client theory which incorporates value-based, relationship and blended promoting.

One Stair Up Analysis Essay Example

One Stair Up Analysis Essay Elaborate Analysis of the Text ONE STAIR UP By C. Nairne Campbell is a Scottish writer, the writer of two books One Stair Up (1932) and Stony Ground (1934), who expounded on Scottish average workers families in a reasonable way. The concentrate from the book â€Å"One Stair Up† by C. Nairne delineates the man and lady who visited a film and had various perspectives on the film that they had seen because of their differing recognition. There is additionally a portrayal of the film world as a distraction of the individuals from common laborers. The organization falls in three sections: the best approach to Rosa and Andrew’s dress hover as a plot, the typical statement of the crowd about the film and a comic exhibition as an arrangement of occasions and the characters’ short conversation of the show as an end result. The sort of introduction is author’s story. Account legitimate is the story compositional structure. The jargon comprises of the impartial words, some colloquials because of the discoursed (e. . : swell child, chap, chap, hot stuff, snickering, cos, hmm, enormous picture), vernacular word Och, barbarisms, for example, passageway, outline, likewise erudite words, for example, rose, looked, conceded, glared, colleagues, well proportioned, disdainful, and so on. There are many compound words tea-spoon, bulls-eye, dress . circle, foundation, pot-plants, fast fire, heart-burning, heart-pulsates, thrill-parched, heart-string, water-butt, mistake, hard-worked. We will compose a custom article test on One Stair Up Analysis explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on One Stair Up Analysis explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on One Stair Up Analysis explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Creator likewise utilizes some word-blends and expressions sink into quietness, be not used to smth, to be unreasonably clever for words, to be stopped, moved by feel sorry for, to endure which are immediate and circuitous in significance to make the jargon progressively great. There are short, one-part and intruded on sentences (â€Å"This a parody? † â€Å"But in the event that you dont like it â€â€Å" ) normally utilized in exchanges to underline the casual character. Likeness in sound †snickering, buzzing, mumble; surrounding †you couldnt see any other individual, and they couldnt see you; reiteration †extended and extended, anaphora †It It was It was It was ; reversal †What an infant he is ; suggestion †Peter Pan, Minnie Haha; comparison †rug of some green material that yielded like springing turf; appellations: well proportioned tranquility, quick fire dramatization, heart-burning story, thrill-parched youthful bloods, hot haziness; analogies: youthful blood, hot stuff, area of extravagance, shower of stars, metonymy: crowd got up and pushed out to the ways out; synecdoche: faces scowled at them, faces moved together. The author’s style is flowery, over-mishandled of appellations, enthusiastic, emotive, some of the time fiery, now and then pitiful. He utilizes heroes continuous flow to portray the characters. He doesn’t judge the figures without anyone else, yet intentionally by the clear portrayal of their activities. C. Nairne needed to show the contention in the public arena of that time through Rosa who wanted to be one stage up the others, yet in fact was a similar young lady from the common laborers family in Edinburg.

Change Management Everything You Need to Know

Change Management Everything You Need to Know Change is an integral part of lives and the transition from A to B is a process that takes time, efforts and acceptance of the need for change. The same holds true as far as project management and business administration are concerned. In this article, we shall learn what change management is and how it can prove to be beneficial for a business and those who constitute it. © Shutterstock.com | Romolo TavaniWe shall take a look at 1) what is change management, 2) benefits of change management, 3)   the process of change management, and 4) the 5 steps needed to complete successful change management.WHAT IS CHANGE MANAGEMENT?Change Management is a method or approach of changing or transitioning companies, people or groups of people with the aim of preparing them for a desired outcome in the future. This term is used mostly in the context of businesses or project management and in such a background, it can be referred to as a process in which changes are introduced and approved formally as far as the scope of the project is concerned. It is important to remember that change management is not a stand-alone process or solution for a business’s problem but is the collective change in tools, techniques as well as people for managing a business solution.For every organization’s constant improvement and performance upgradation, change management is a vital process. It is a continuous process improvement technique without which no successful organization has ever been able to move ahead. It can be understood as the application of a planned or structured process together with certain tools for bringing about a people side of change in order to get a desired result. Change does not take place in isolation and affects the entire company or organization. It not only impacts the organization as a whole, but each and every member associated with it.Change Management is a very broad field which is related to managing the changes in a particular field well. The approaches needed to bring about these changes may be different for different companies or projects running in those companies. To bring about change or to manage it, a company or an organization must focus on certain objectives and they include:Involvement of peopleSponsorship available or possible to achieveCommunication with peopleGaining buy-inReadiness to adapt the changes.RISKS OF NOT MANAGING CHANGE EFFECTIVELYIt is a fact that the projects that have top level change management effectiveness are about six times more likely to meet desired objectives or outcomes. By application of a structured framework of the method, change management increases the success probability of an organization. But on the other hand, if change is not managed effectively, it can lead to certain negative impacts or puts the company at a risk of certain things which are given as follows:Low morale: One of the first risks involved is that the deterioration in the morale of the company or people involved takes place, and this can have a serious impact on the company.Lower productivity: Another risk is the declination of the overall productivity of a business.Projects are overdue: Projects go past their deadlines in the case when change management is not applied effectively.Projects surpass budget: Also, projects go past their budget when the management of changes is not structured or p re-planned.Key people leave: Another risk involved with the improper application of change management is that important employees may quit the company, effecting productivity even further.Turmoil: In some cases, divides may also be created in the company due to this.Path of no return: Organization may also experience painful and failed changes that could be hard to bounce back from.Active resistance comes out as a result of improper application of change management.Passive resistance escalates as well.BENEFITS OF CHANGE MANAGEMENTNow you know what could go wrong with change management. Imagine you would execute your change management correctly, so you would be able to enjoy the following benefits: Alignment of existing resources One of the main benefits of change management is that it helps the alignment and combination of existing resources with the new resources. When a change management process is being held at an organization, there is no need to eliminate all the existing kno wledge base, resources etc. The key is to combine new resources with existing intelligence in order to run an effective change management plan. Only on doing this right and selecting the right combination can one truly make the most of the existing with the one on which investment is being made.Maintenance of everyday functions and operations It is true that every organization has to make certain sacrifices in order to reach a desired outcome, but the key is to implement or run the changes without letting them have a negative impact on the current operations. In order to achieve this, organizations must consider what the business and individuals need in order to adapt to the change readily and at the same time maintain the day-to-day operations smoothly. Thus, one of the benefits of effective change management is the maintenance of the day-to-day functions.Better opportunities for the future When a business or an organization along with its people is going through change managemen t, it has a bright opportunity to grow more and focus more on areas where improvements can be made. During the phase of transition, the best practices for growth can be identified and focused upon. Also, one tends to realize how to maintain these practices to lead to innovation. Thus, there emerges a huge scope to grow and taste success in the future.Lowering inefficiency and risk If you implement a change management process right now, then it will help you to lower down the risks for the future. It is about being prepared for the future and starting to adapt to the changes from now onwards. Not only does this reduces the risk but also reduces the inefficiency. When we create a plan keeping in mind the business as a whole as well as the people involved in it, we only reduce the chances of an unsuccessful attempt at transition. This way, we also reduce the time taken to implement those changes.Employee problem consideration When change management takes place, organizations need to consider the challenges being faced by their employees in order to adapt to the changes. What this does is that it makes companies more considerate towards problems of their employees and try to reduce them as much as possible. Thus by developing a change management plan, an organization can address the various concerns better and this also clears way for more communication. This in turn results in the employees feeling valued and important and may help to boost their morale.Reduction in costs Creating or developing a change management plan before time also offers the benefit of reducing the overall costs since being prepared in advance gives you the time to manage your budget in a much better way. The waste, the inefficiencies, etc. can be greatly reduced, thus reducing the overall costs. If the right individuals are involved in the process of change management, then this helps to avoid the situation of going over budget and further contributes to saving costs.Facing challenges ge ts easy Every organization faces certain challenges on the way to success but dealing with them can take both time as well as money. But a change management plan is usually made in such a way that it takes into account or consideration all the future challenges and roadblocks. When one is prepared for these roadblocks, he/she can face them easily and is more equipped to eliminate them and move forward. This means that no challenge stuns the organization or makes it difficult for it to handle them. This is another major benefit of an effective change management process.Boosts confidence In every organization, boosting the employees’ confidence or morale can be the most effective way to gain more productivity and hence more profits. When an effective change management plan is made and implemented, it makes the employees feel that the organization is taking out time to help them adapt to the changes, and this boosts their morale and confidence by a big factor. They feel that their efforts, needs, and wants are valued, and this makes them perform better. They get more involved in the process of change, and the end results are favorable to the organization.Improved ROI Besides cutting down on the overall costs and spendings, another benefit of change management is that it also leads to an increase in the return on investment or ROI as well. With the right process and a structured plan in place, an organization is more likely to see and experience improved profits. What happens is that when a company invests on changes, it prepares its people for the future a little ahead of time. This has a positive effect on them and results in better productivity and hence better ROI.THE PROCESS OF CHANGE MANAGEMENTThe process of managing change is a process that involves a series of activities or steps which a change management team has to follow in order to implement the changes to a certain project or desired outcome. This very process is not a time bound effort but is an ongoing endeavor towards continuous improvement and upgradation of the company’s policies, methodologies, and tools.PHASE 1: PreparationThe first phase of change management is preparing for change. This methodology by Prosci calls for getting ready to start managing the change and to know how much of change management would be needed to meet current goals or run the current project. This phase is related to having awareness of the situation and is highly effective for successful transition management. It involves certain steps which are given as follows:Defining change management strategy The first step of this phase involves defining the change management strategy for the project or desired outcome. This means that an organization must first figure out why it needs the change and how can change management help. Based on this, a strategy must be defined.Preparing the change management team Once the strategy has been defined, the next step is to bring together a team of people w ho will be implementing the change and running it. The team must be carefully selected and put together.Developing sponsorship model Every change management needs funds, and these funds have to be arranged through sponsors or financial aids. The next step involves developing a full-fledged and well worked out sponsorship mode to make managing of the change possible.PHASE 2: ManagementAfter preparing for change management, the next phase involves its management and administration. This phase includes the creation of plans and strategies to implement the change. These plans are clubbed with project activities, and some of these include sponsorship plan, communication plan, coaching plan, training plan as well as resistance management plan. It is a good idea to have a well-structured plan that is also excellently integrated with existing tools, resources and expertise. The following are the steps involved in this phase:Develop change management plan The first step is to come up with a proper model or plan on the basis of which the change will be introduced and implemented. The plan must take into consideration the budget, the people involved, the objectives desired and the time frame available.Take actions The next step involves the implementation of the plans made and taking actions on ideas that have been worked out. One must go step by step in implementing the strategy and ensure that each step is carefully taken.PHASE 3: ReinforcementThe third phase of the process of change management is one of the most important ones, yet the most undervalued. It is true that planning and implementation of change are highly important but if the action plans are not reinforced in the future course, then all the previous hard work can come falling down. The change must be sustained through efforts and corrective actions.Gather and evaluate feedback In order to take corrective actions, one must gather or collect feedbacks and then analyze them to see where they are going wr ong. Also, the areas where change is being managed effectively can also be figured out in order to sustain the positives.Diagnose problems The next step is to diagnose the various roadblocks, challenges and problems in order to manage the resistance and get past it.Execute actions Once gaps have been diagnosed, it is time to implement corrective actions. After execution of actions for reinforcement, the final step is to celebrate the success and appreciate the hard work done.5 STEPS TO SUCCESSFUL CHANGE MANAGEMENTAnother way to describe how you could go about your change management is shown below: 1.     Understand need for change: In order to bring about successful change, it is highly important to first acknowledge and understand the need for change. One must avoid fixing a problem as soon as he/she spots it and should rather take time to understand the root cause and then work out a plan to make improvements. The improvement plan must include people, the right resources, the ri ght tools as well as a structured approach. The complexity of the situation must be addressed in such a way that besides elimination of the issue, improvements in methodologies also takes place.2.     Communicate the need for change and involve people: Another way in which one can lead to successful change management is through effective and open communication of the need for change with the people or employees of the organization. The people working with you have the right to know and understand the situation so that they accept and be part of the change willingly. Some people who must be included in this are the beneficiaries, the employees, the stakeholders and the managers.3.     Create change strategies and plans: After proper communication about the need for change, the next step towards successful change management involves creating plans to achieve the objective in the most economical and effective way. This step involves several small measures such as deciding on performanc e measures, training workers for change, figuring out desired outcomes, dividing the process into mini goals and coming up with strategies that can benefit the organization as a whole.4.     Implement plans: To ensure success, the plans and strategies created must be executed smartly and in a way that doesn’t harm the people or business in the process. Implementation is what really matters and must be done in a structured way. Implementation of plans or execution of strategies must not just take place on a broad level but should be done at an individual level. It also involves observing how people are getting affected by the change and making sure that they get everything they want to adapt to it.5.     Analyze progress: When all the hard work is done and results have been achieved, it is time to analyze and evaluate the progress made. When a business figures out what is going well, it can begin to sustain the positives and eliminate the negatives. Only then can it be appreciative towards the efforts of others, thus boosting their moral and leading to improved productivity. It is important to celebrate success when success has been achieved effectively.So, what experiences did you make in your company related to change management? What went well? What could have been improved?

Impetuosity Essay example - 1130 Words

Impetuosity Impetuosity is a tragic flaw that affects characters and their actions. This flaw within a character will ultimately cause the death of the protagonist. Write an essay in which hasty decisions or actions result in the final tragedy of the play. Definition Impetuosity means acting without thinking about the consequences. A few of the characters in the play ‘Romeo and Juliet’ demonstrate this characteristic through the things they do and say. The most prominent characters that show this trait are Romeo, Juliet, Lord Capulet, and Friar Lawrence. Romeo The essay shall start by talking about Romeo. As soon as Romeo meets†¦show more content†¦Another impetuous action made by Romeo was the killing of Tybalt and Paris. These two murders, although he was provoked, were committed by Romeo on impulse. He did this without thinking about the consequences. Romeo did this because Tybalt had just murdered Mercutio, while Romeo was trying to prevent it. Romeo was therefore furious and enraged, and so killed Tybalt to balance the scales. The same happened with County Paris. Paris said a few things that Romeo didn’t like very much, and so because he was so focused on what he was going to do, which was to lie next to Juliet, he would stop at nothing, least of all Paris trying to protect Juliet, and so challenged him to a fight. He was not thinking about the risks involved, such as someone appearing from around the corner, and discovering them fighting. Not only that, but he is doing the one thing that he banished for. Admittedly , Romeo wasn’t thinking about these things because he had just been told that his wife was dead, and even if someone had found him, he would have been executed for coming back, which is what he was planning to do, as he was going to commit suicide anyway. The final impetuous act of Romeo’s was when he bought the poison from the apothecary, ‘Hold, here is forty ducats; let me have a dram of poison, such soon-speeding gear as will disperse itself throughShow MoreRelatedRomeo And The Friar Character Analysis742 Words   |  3 Pagesmeal, the reader knows when a character is flawed, and it is obvious to any reader that Romeo and the Friar are imperfect. Romeo and the Friar’s flaws are that Romeo is impetuous, and how the Friar is reckless. The first flaw shown is Romeo’s impetuosity. When Romeo makes any kind of decision, he doesn’t think of what the outcomes of his actions will be. Romeo is careless in his actions and honestly doesn’t care about what will happens. This is shown through many things, for example, â€Å"fallingRead MoreFate and Free Will in Romeo and Juliet1546 Words   |  7 Pagescould be argued firstly that it is not fate that, firstly means that Romeo and Juliet meet and fall in love, and, secondly means in turn that their love is destined not to come to fruition, since we are made aware of the two main characters impetuosity and extreme youth and inexperience at various points. Both make it clear that they feel they have no choice but to love one another, but we dont have to agree with this, and at times even the lovers themselves seem at least dimly aware of theirRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Character Analysis1434 Words   |  6 Pageswhich include impetuousness, impulsiven ess, and impatience (Desai, 1969). There exist several different and distinct schools of though regarding the source of the tragic ending to Romeo and Juliet. The first school of thought believes that Romeo’s impetuosity and impulsiveness is the main source of tragedy in the play. While another school of thought believes that fate and fate alone conspires against Rome and Juliet to bring about the tragic ending to the play. The final school of thought believes thatRead MoreHamlet And Laertes By William Shakespeare1469 Words   |  6 Pagesfathers, but contrast in their approaches to achieving revenge, and their view of life as a whole, their failures revealing the inevitability of fate. Just as Hamlet’s inaction hinders him from achieving his goal of killing Claudius, Laertes’s impetuosity similarly leads him astray from his goal their inability to achieve these goals. The power of fate is thereby revealed through the futility of human actions due to the looming and palpable presence of human mo rtality. The downfall of each hero dueRead MoreEssay on John Richardsons Wacousta671 Words   |  3 Pagesfrom his previous social and cultural restrictions. He and Colonel de Haldimar represent a pair of perfect opposites, as Wacousta himself describes it: He all coldness, prudence, obsequiousness and forethought. I all enthusiasm, carelessness, impetuosity and independence. (Richardson, 347). This, before Freud, is essentially the ego versus the id. The Indian, or the white become Indian, represents uncultured man giving free reign to his animal passions, and it is terrifying. It can also, howeverRead MoreSymbolism In The Masque Of The Red Death708 Words   |  3 Pagestry to escape death, it still happens. The Prince had tried to get the corpse like figure out of his party, and not to cause him death by fighting him back. After confronting the figure, â€Å"He bore aloft a drawn dagger, and had approached, in rapid impetuosity, to within three or four feet of the retreating figure, when the latter, having attained the extremity of the velvet apartment, turned suddenly and confronted his pursuer. There was a sharp cry --and the dagger dropped gleaming upon the sable carpetRead MoreEssay about Catharine Maria Sedgewicks Hope Leslie866 Words   |  4 Pagessuperiority of males. Hope portrays behaviors and attitudes common in a woman today. Hope is capable of thinking for herself, is courageous, independent, and aggressive. Sir Philip Gardner describes Hope as having â€Å"a generous rashness, a thoughtless impetuosity, a fearlessness of the†¦ dictators that surround her, and a noble contempt of fear† (211). In comparison to Esther Downing, Hope is the antithesis of what a young Puritan woman should be, and in turn, Hope gains a great deal of respect from the readersRead MoreThe Theme of Death in Romeo and Juliet921 Words   |  4 Pagesdecides to poison himself at the moment he is apprised of Juliet’s death. He does not question her death or even hesitates a brief second to consider a life without her although he only knew her for three days. The friar chides Romeo’s unbridled impetuosity when he says, â€Å"They stumble that run fast.† Moving on, Shakespeare kills the star-crossed lovers to reinforce the intensity of their love. This ending that only fits tragedies, hints at the unworldliness of this love. Their love is not understoodRead MoreA New York Police Department983 Words   |  4 Pagesprice tag of their opposition was the safety of New York’s people. By placing the protests of the mayor in one mental box and the safety of their constituents in another, the NYPD compromised the vow integral to their career. Ultimately, by their impetuosity, the police were instrumental in one of two outcomes amongst New York’s population: mistrust of the mayor or mistrust of the police department. Neither is conducive to a safe and civically engaged city. In conclusion, restoring conditions to normalcyRead MoreTeamwork and Motivation828 Words   |  4 Pages When you think about it, his effort in combination with employees doing volunteer service for San Franciscos Habitat For Humanity is a great way to spur motivation. Many assume that simply throwing money at employees will give them the raw impetuosity to perform better, faster, longer, and happily working fervently all for the sake of the almighty dollar. When asked why employees need more than money to be motivated such as showing thanks and praise Bob Nelson, author of the bestseller â€Å"1001

Getting the Best Ielts Essay Samples of Band 7 Pdf

Getting the Best Ielts Essay Samples of Band 7 Pdf One of the primary causes comes in the shape of the infamous material plastic. Unfortunately there was not any bank card enclosed in the envelope once I opened it. Try to remember, in addition, there are discounts available when purchasing all 3 e-books and free shipping when purchasing all three text books. A significant disadvantage of an admission fee is the chance of cutting back the amount of visitors. By employing different techniques of page turn you may also boost your eBook encounter. A wonderful eBook reader ought to be set up. By using all these effective methods, you can definitely improve your eBook reading experience to an exceptional extent. By using our website, you agree to our assortment of information through the usage of cookies. Inside my experience, the key to improving in all 3 areas is planning. Having access to previously completed work you could have confidence in will show you exactly what you' re missing. The instance is quite vague there isn't any reference to a certain train station or how rich individuals could give money to the poor. It is possible, however, look at specific units if you require particular help in 1 area. The Foolproof Ielts Essay Samples of Band 7 Pdf Strategy You also desire a mixture of cohesive devices. To take a very simple example, if you're writing about the benefits and drawbacks of something, you might wish to have one paragraph about each. In addition, it's time saving way of solving problems quickly. On the flip side, it's apparent that the disadvantages of nuclear technology are significant both when it comes to weaponry and as a power resource. You need to show you can use a wide selection of sentence structures and have a high degree of accuracy. There are several sorts of structures that may get you a high score. Both responses ought to be written in an official style. You receive a band score for each one of the criteria, and the ones within this table in the descriptors column are those which are specifically needed for an IELTS band 7. Ielts Essay Samples of Band 7 Pdf - the Story Looking at IELTS essay topics with answers is a huge means to assist you to get ready for the test. Chemistry is a subject which, basically, supplies you with useful information concerning the different substances or kinds of materials which compose the physical world around us and the way in which they behave or react with one another. Essays term papers dissertations and a whole lot more. Then the comprehensive guide on the way to ace each specific kind of essay will instruct students to effectively study for the true exam. Rather than repeating the word obliged, the author uses synonyms like required and have a duty to provide a number of language. Instead of using a synonym, he uses the word money three times. To access the totally free IELTS download, simply click the hyperlink and a PDF is going to be down loaded. It's going be useful to have a very good eBook reader to be in a position to truly have a terrific reading experience and premium quality eBook display. It will be helpful to have an excellent eBook reader to be in a position to truly have a wonderful reading experience and premium quality eBook display. A great eBook reader needs to be set up. The War Against Ielts Essay Samples of Band 7 Pdf Some of our group will want to employ geological picks and other equipment, if at all possible. Now you know the structures you should have a look at our task two sample answers to observe how they've been used in practice. Time yourself and allow only one hour to finish both portions of the test. Other individuals think that the use of a woman ought to be restricted to caring for home and children. Since most men and women spend a significant part of their adult life on the job, job satisfaction is a significant element of individual wellbeing. As most adults spend the major ity of their time on the job, being content with your career is an essential part of someone's health and happiness. You've outlined what it is you're going to chat about and at exactly the same time made your opinion very very clear. It's an exam meant for non-native English speakers. Download here This book is the consequence of over 10 decades of teaching IELTS writing skills in Rah Pouyandegan Language School in addition to a few other institutes in Mashhad. Finding an IELTS band 7 in writing is quite tricky for many students, and many do not understand what the examiner is searching for.

Bio Lab Report Free Essays

Biology lab report Estimating glucose concentration in solution Done by : Hasan Al-jowder 11E KC Introduction: The purple pink solution of potassium permanganate (MnO4 -) is reduced by glucose to a colourless solution of manganese ions (Mn2+). MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- Mn2+ + 4H2O The time taken for the loss of colour from a standardised solution of permanganate is directly related to the concentration of glucose present in solution. Research question: How does the different concentration of glucose solution which have the same volume affects the time taken for the pink color of the potassium permanganate to turn into colorless? Hypothesis: The higher the concentration of glucose, the shorter time taken for the reduction of potassium permanganate, hence resulting in shorter time taken for the pink color of potassium permanganate to decolorize. We will write a custom essay sample on Bio Lab Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is because the concentration of glucose molecules in glucose solution is high thus more electron are donated to the permanganate within a constant period. Variables: †¢Independent: The concentration of the glucose solution †¢Dependent: The time taken for the pink color of the potassium permanganate to turn into colorless †¢Controlled: Volume/Units Materials list : †¢Eye protection †¢A timer †¢a glass rod †¢a boiling tube and a rack †¢3 beakers †¢3 syringes †¢6 labels †¢glucose solutions (2%,4%,6%,8%,10%,12%) †¢3 solution of unknown glucose concentration (A,B,C) †¢sulphuric acid †¢potassium permanganate Procedure: 1. label your three beakers sulphuric acid PP- for potassium permanganate G- for glucose 2. abel your syringes in the same way. 3. add about 25 cm3 of sulphuric acid and potassium permanganate to the beakers – this will be your stock to use throughout the experiment. note which glucose solution you are testing first. 4. use the correct syringe to place 10 cm3 of the first glucose solution into the boiling tube. 5. add 5 cm3 of sulphuric acid. 6. add 2 cm3 of potassium permanganate and start the clock. 7. stir with a stirring rod and stop the clock as soon as the pink color disappears. 8. record the time and the glucose solution used. . rinse the syringe you used for the glucose solution. 10. repeat using the other glucose solution. 11. repeat for a solution of unknown concentration (A B or C) 12. record your own results and if possible class average results in a table. Table: Glucose concentrationsTime taken to change color 2%1 minute 41 seconds 4%1 minute 13 seconds 6%45 seconds 8%41 seconds 10%35 seconds 12%32 seconds Unknown A48 seconds Unknown B1 minute 13 seconds Unknown C2 minute 56 seconds Graph : conclusion: Evaluation: sources of error= the temperature of the water was not the same with all the concentrations †¢minor inaccuracy in watching the exact time that the color changes absolutely †¢inaccuracy in using the stop watch Reference: https://www. google. com. bh/#hl=ensclient=psy-abq=estimating+glucose+concen tration+in+solution+lab+report+hypothesisoq=estimating+glucose+concentration+in+solution+lab+report+hypothesisgs_l=hp. 3†¦ 3351. 18905. 1. 19921. 11. 11. 0. 0. 0. 0. 421. 2839. 2-10j0j1. 11. 0†¦ 0. 0†¦ 1c. 1. 7. psy-ab. csPQdc8wzZApbx=1bav=on. 2,or. r_cp. r_qf. bvm=bv. 44011176,d. d2kfp=34c3fbe89c60be0dbiw=1366bih=629 How to cite Bio Lab Report, Essay examples Bio Lab Report Free Essays Ye Tao BISC220-13155 The Effect of Temperature on the Digestion of Starch by Activity of Enzyme ? -Amylase: Observation of Rate of Starch Disappearance through Iodine Test Introduction An enzyme is a type of protein that, through its own structure including hydrogen bonds, acts like a biological catalyst and is able to accelerate the biochemical reaction rate by lowering the activation energy of the whole process, without which cells could hardly practice any physiological functions within human bodies (Sizer, 1943). Found in the saliva and pancreatic secretions of animals including human beings as well as the plant seeds, bacteria and fungi (Siddiqui et al. , 2010), the enzyme ? -amylase that was studied during the experiment has significant impact on the hydrolysis of starch. We will write a custom essay sample on Bio Lab Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now By breaking the alpha, 1-4 glycosidic linkages in the carbohydrates, amylase hydrolyzes the starch, a polysaccharides that is stored in plants and cannot be directly digested by animal cells, into maltose, a disaccharide that later generate two units of glucose to undergo metabolisms and provides necessary energy (Slaughter et al. , 2001). The enzymatic activity of ? amylase is facilitated by calcium and chloride ions during the hydrolysis (Marini, 2006 and Siddiqui et al. , 2010). The complete digestion of starch and formation of maltose and glucose can be examined through the iodine test when I2KI reagent is added into the solution and remains brown instead of turning into dark blue, marking that all the molecules of starch have been fully hydrolyzed (Hanes, 1932). While amylase effectively activates the hydrolysis of starch, the efficiency of the catalytic process is influenced by several factors including temperature, pH level and the concentration of the substrates etc. In this experiment, as the ? -amylase is a type of protein, the efficiency of enzyme is highly related to its hydrogen bonds which are affected by the temperature. Though the enzyme is collected from the porcine pancreas, due to its structural similarities to amylase in human bodies, the behaviors of two amylases should resemble each other. Given that under extreme temperature enzymes will be denatured and unable to function and the constant temperature of pigs is around 39 °C, the hypothesis of this experiment is that at 37 °C amylase will catalyze the hydrolysis with the highest speed, followed by amylase at 22 °C. Amylase at 0 °C will react extremely slowly due to the crystallization of hydrogen bonds and at100 °C, amylase will lose its function since it will be denatured. Materials and Methods Four test tubes were marked from A1 to A4. Then, 2mL of 1% starch solution from Carolina Biological Supply Company, 4mL of deionized water and 1mL of 6. 8 hydrion buffer from VWR International/ Micro Essential Laboratories were added into each tube. Another four test tubes were also labeled from B1 to B4 and added 1mL of 1% ? -amylase from porcine pancreas from Sigma Aldrich. Eight tubes were paired according to the same number (A1and B1 etc. and assigned to environments at different temperature: Tube A1 and B1 were placed into a water bath at 100 °C; Tube A2 and B2 were placed into a water bath at 37 °C; Tube A3 and B3were placed on the tube rack (at about 22 °C); Tube A4 and B4 were placed into an ice bath at 0 °C. All test tubes were kept at different temperatures for 10 minutes. Meanwhil e, a control group of starch solution was prepared without amylase. (Bio Lab Manual, 2013) At the same time, a test plate was added 2 drops of I2KI reagent (1% Iodine and 2% KI) from Carolina Biological Supply Company per well. After 10 minutes, when test tubes were still in the original environments, solutions in Tube A1 with B1 were mixed and a timer was started. At each 30-second-inteval, a drop of the mixture was released into the well on the test plate until the solution in the plate did not change into dark blue and remained brown, indicating the end of the reaction by showing no presence of starch and presence of maltose and glucose. The experiment was repeated on the tubes at other temperatures. Slow reactions were observed and recorded up to 420 seconds due to time limit. Data were pooled from each bench and average and standard deviation were calculated. The data of the control group were also obtained. Results Figure 1 The test plate of iodine test under different temperature. Dark blue wells indicated the presence of starch while the brown ones indicate the completion of starch hydrolysis. (Upper half: 37 °C; Bottom Half: 0 °C) The rate of reaction was fastest at 37 °C (n=4, mean=212. 5s, SD=66. 1s) while the rate of reaction at 22 °C was only slightly less than it (n=4, mean=217. 5s, SD=61. 8s). Though the previous two groups underwent starch hydrolysis relatively fast, the tubes at 100 °C and 0 °C reacted so slowly that it took more than 420 seconds for their completions (time was only recorded before 420s). There was no hydrolysis in the control group. The time of the reaction completions as the function of different temperatures was shown in the table and graph below. The Effects of Temperature| Temperature (? )| Time of Starch Disappearance(s)| | Bench 1| Bench 2| Bench 3| Bench 4| Mean| SD| Control| 420| 420| 420| 420| 420| 0| 0| 420| 420| 420| 420| 420| 0| 2| 210| 210| 300| 150 | 217. 5| 61. 84658| 37| 270| 180| 265| 135 | 212. 5| 66. 14378| 100| 420| 420| 420| 420| 420| 0| Table 1. Time of Starch Disappearance with Porcine Pancreatic ? -Amylase at Different Temperatures (Time was recorded up to 420s). Graph 1. Time of 1% Starch Disappearance with Porcine Pancreatic ? -Amylase as the Function of Different Temperature Discussion and Conclusion As the data obtained f rom the experiment, all parts of the original hypothesis were confirmed by the result. Temperature plays an important role during the activation of ? amylase that only during certain temperature range can the enzyme function properly to catalyze biochemical reactions. On one hand, at 37 °C the amylase showed the greatest efficiency in catalyze the hydrolysis of starch. At the same time, the amylase also showed considerable catalytic efficiency at 22 °C. But on the other hand, when temperature dropped or rose to extreme value such as 0 °C or 100 °C, the function of amylase was inhibited and such biochemical transformation of substances could hardly process. This result obtained is consistent with the reality that during normal body temperature, regardless of pig or human beings, mylase is able to catalyze the hydrolysis of starch with the highest speed. Therefore, we may conclude that even taken out from where it was found, the amylase still maintain its original biochemical properties. The experiment did not show the biochemical mechanism of the modification from temperature to amylase activity. However, according to the scientific research done by other scientists, a temperature that ranges from 20-50 °C could make structures including weak interactions, hydrogen bonds and disulfide bridge exist within and stabilize the enzyme molecules to maximize their activities. At the water freezing point (0 °C), the hydrogen bonds are crystallized and become more constrained and less flexible while at high temperature like 100 °C, the bonds consume certain energy to become unstable and fragile, neither of which contribute to the proper functions of amylase (D’Amico et al. , 2003). While the result of the experiment perfectly matched what was expected, however, such conclusion could only be made at qualitative phase and it is obvious that weakness of this experiment existed and prevented the further understanding of amylase at quantitative level. Several modifications to the current experimental designs could be made to enhance its accuracy. Firstly, the sample size needs to be expanded. With only four groups, the data was so limited. As a result, the data had great standard deviations of more than 60 seconds. Simultaneously, the random errors were at high possibility to take place. Therefore, with the increase of sample size, the data can be more accurate and stabilized and potential random errors could be discarded to ensure the coherence of the data. Furthermore, even though neither the test tube at 0 °C and 100 °C enabled the completions of starch hydrolysis, the reasons of the two groups are not the same. Therefore, in order to detect the reason of the loss of catalytic ability, follow-up experiments need to be practiced. A possible design might be to change the test tubes from 0 °C or 100 °C into 37 °C for another 10 minutes then redo the iodine test to see this time whether the amylase can function well or not. This manipulation will convince the hypothesis about the reason behind the superficial phenomena that was shown in the original experiments and present the difference between denaturing of protein and crystallization of hydrogen bonds. It is important for people to thoroughly understand the amylase activity and all the factors that are potentially capable of influencing such activity through which people can understand how human bodies work as well as the physiology of other organisms. At the same time, the research in amylase activity could potentially bring economical benefits to industrialized starch products manufacturing. And finally, the amylase activity has shown its significance in medical clinical trial that diseases including hyperamylasemia  or hyperamylasuria are proven to be related to the amylase in the human serum and urines (Salt 2nd, 1976). References General Biology BISC 220 Laboratory Manual. (2013). University of Southern California. Lab2, pp33-36. D’Amico, S. , Gerday, C. , ; Feller, G. (2003). Temperature adaptation of proteins: engineering mesophilic-like activity and stability in a cold-adapted ? -amylase. Journal of molecular biology,  332(5), 981-988. Hanes, C. S. (1932). Studies on plant amylases: The effect of starch concentration upon the velocity of hydrolysis by the amylase of germinated barley. Biochemical Journal,  26(5), 1406. Marini, I. (2005). Discovering an accessible enzyme: Salivary amylase: Prima digestio fit in ore: A didactic approach for high school students. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education,  33(2), 112-116. Salt 2nd, W. B. , ; Schenker, S. T. E. V. E. N. (1976). Amylase–its clinical significance: a review of the literature. Medicine,  55(4), 269. Siddiqui, Z. S. , Khan, M. A. 2011). The role of enzyme amylase in two germinating seed morphs of Halopyrum mucronatum (L. ) Stapf. in saline and non-saline environment. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,  33(4), 1185-1197. Sizer, I. W. (2006). Effects of temperature on enzyme kinetics. Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology, Volume 3, 35-62. Slaughter, S. L. , Ellis, P. R. , Butterworth, P. J. (2001). An investigation of the action of porcine pancreatic ? -amylase on native and gelatinised starches. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-General Subjects,  1525(1), 29-36. How to cite Bio Lab Report, Essay examples

Platinum Communications

Introduction Advertising is a well designed means of non-personal communication that contains crucial information that is highly persuasive in nature, about companies, goods, services and ideas that is paid for by identified sponsors via diverse forms media such as TV, Newspapers and internet.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Platinum Communications specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Advertising is a critical part of the society and therefore it is important that when advertises design and come up with advertisements companies should aim to design advertisements that are culturally acceptable and within the ethical and moral guidelines ( Koslow Costley 2010,166). There are a numerous aims of advertising but the main aim is to increase revenue streams, the ultimate aim of any organization is to maximize its profitability hence this can only be realized when the advertising increases its sales if it is a commercial o rganization. Additionally advertising also develops visibility of the product and services among the existing consumers and potential consumers, through increasing the awareness of the customers thereby making it easily possible for consumers to adopt the usage of the product being advertised. Advertising is also paramount to developing the image and reputation of an organization and thus knowing this, copy writers and all those who developing advertisements always aim to arouse positive emotions of their target market ( Dahl, 2004, 12-20). During the advertisements companies can manipulate messages in such a way that is most suitable for their target audience. The platinum communications case is a clear instance for which advertisers can be critically analyzed and conclusions drawn to determine whether there was a breach of ethical or moral standards in their part. Advertisements usually aim to educate, inform, remind and persuade consumers or an audience to do something and thus i f advertisers are not careful in designing and customizing their messages then companies which are directly linked to the advertisements may have their reputations damaged and this could prove injurious to their commercial goals (Reese 2000, 36).Advertising Looking for essay on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Advertising regulatory bodies are institutions which are formed by concerned parties in various advertising industries so that advertisement activities can be easily monitored. Additionally regulatory bodies often are involved in creating a legal and ethical framework upon which participants of the advertising industry can operate within. An advertisement is hence likely to meet its objectives only if it is within the culturally set bounds of the target audience. If an advertisement appears to be somewhat disrespectful to the culture of a particular target market then the outcome of this set of consumers will most likely be hostile (Wang 2005, 66-69). Platinum communications case situation Platinum communications has been forced to withdraw their advertisement and to appear in front of the advertising standards bureau in connection to its telecommunications advertisement which appeared on radio urging motorists to drive safely by using their phones responsibly while driving in order to avoid accidents. The advertisement has been accused to contain a violent manage and unsuitable derogatory language and therefore suitable for public transmission. Instead of the advertisement achieving its goals of encouraging more responsible road usage the company has been accused of creating an advertisement that encourages road rage amongst motorists, and many stakeholders have argued that there are much better ways of advocating for better road usage through the use of hands free devices. Culture and Advertising Messages that are contained in advertisements must be in harmony with the targeted audien ces culturally-bound experiences of this target audience, this is because once and advertisement is aired consumers will engage themselves and will only accept that which is culturally acceptable and treat that which is not culturally acceptable with hostility values and beliefs. Smith (2005, 65-72) uses the term the participatory consumer who is part of the target audience of the advertisement often concentrate and may many a times enter into a rational trance with an aim of critically understanding the main message of the advertisement, this fact enables the consumer to treat advertisement as a dialogue between them and the advertiserAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Platinum Communications specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More . It is after logically analyzing the advertisement the consumers will therefore decide whether the advertisement is either good or bad for them (Munro 2001, 122-141). Thus the outcome of thi s process of being a participatory consumer will often guide consumer behavior and thus define the attitude and perceptions of these consumers. Knowing this then the language that is used in advertising is subject to alteration and adaptation, depending on the culture of the target audience, target groups being addressed and other relevant considerations. This fact may often force marketers to retract from a mass orientation approach of advertising depending on the situation to a more fragmented approach that is suitable for target marketing. It is therefore vital that advertisers try and build a relationship with consumers because it they fail then it is almost impossible to connect with consumers and it hence becomes impossible to initiate favorable actions from the consumers. The language of Radio advertisement that was used by platinum communication was considered harsh and hostile simply because it contained obscenities to pass across its message. When coming up with language f or advertisements several characteristics are to be incorporated into the message by choosing the most suitable and preferred language by selection of vocabulary that respects the culture of the target market (Smith 2005, 45-59). The language of advertising is the most important factor that contributes to the accomplishment of the ad as it gives the advertisers the will to move to action. The case of platinum communication is therefore a good example of a good message that was delivered using the wrong language thus making it the advertisement itself a flop. Hence the advert had less persuasive power and was forcefully withdrawn from the air. Advertisers must therefore understand the nature of consumer engagement incorporate this into the design of advertisements because advertisement also play a big role in the overall product experience that a consumer actually experiences(Munro 2001, 22-31). With this in mind therefore if an advertisement has a poor language delivery then consume rs are most likely to view the product in an unfavorable manner and may even end up avoiding it.Advertising Looking for essay on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is therefore justified to conclude that the radio advertisement done by Platinum communication was not in harmony with the cultural background of its target market even though the company did not breach the Advertisers Code of Ethics section 2.5. The targeted audience seems to be a society that is more conservative sand therefore would expect the messages that were used in that advertisement to be quit respectful and decent. The community around Newcastle generally associates obscenities with violence and this is therefore why they were able to misinterpret the intentions of this radio advertisement as an advertisement which encourages road rage among motorists who are road users. Although the advertiser strongly denies ever using any abusive or derogatory language it is important to know what is culturally acceptable in one country or region may be a taboo to another region. Therefore it is the duty of marketers to carefully use their skills and conduct trials that will assist t hem to understand the code of ethical responsibility that is attached to particular target audiences before embarking on creating advertisements, because in some cases globalizing advertisements can be dangerous and thus using a logical approach may have better results (Munro 2001, 90-100; Duke University Libraries digital collections 2008). Economic assumptions and advertising Consumers often have their economic expectations which are attached to advertisements and therefore the targeted audience may often expect advertisements that advertise various products. Consumers expect advertisements to raising the standard of living by empowering their decision making process, increasing consumer satisfaction by making them aware of which products are most likely to satisfy them most following adoption, introducing economies of scale through increased sales, efficiently distributing product information and creating elastic demand lowering prices and stimulating product innovation (Solomon 1994, 56). Supporters of advertising argue that in economies should display several distinctiveness of complimentary market. Advertising should contributes to higher principles of living; enlarged buyer fulfillment; inferior prices; amplified economies of scale for manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers; efficient group distribution of product information to assist in consumer evaluation of the products to help them choose what suits him/ her; and product modernization. Thus, advertising benefits the public and individuals because their needs and wants are met more efficiently and standards of living improved. One of the economic functions of advertisement is to enlarge market share and inform clients about the new products. In the absence advertisement, the consumer would not be able to know about the products that are readily available in the market additionally retailers and wholesalers would not be able to effectively move their inventories. Millions of individuals worldwide v iew and process numerous commercials on Radios, TV and newspaper published advertisements or billboards. Various businesses, alongside the government, apply advertising as a way to support their products and services. Advertisements are therefore responsible for reaching out to various individuals and persuade them to purchase certain products by altering their perceptions and attitudes thus enabling businessmen to have more control over the sales patterns throughout a business cycle (Ryan, 2004, 73; Reese 2000, 10). The principle behind advertising is to advertise products in such a way that the end result is that a targeted viewer will purchase the product after being exposed to the advertisement. The product manufacturers often have to illustrate descriptions of the supreme status of life; attractive women, well-built men, excellent time and no uncertainties. The utilization of sex appeal and extra strategies to attract buyers into investing in their products despite the fact tha t they wish to be something they are not. By using such techniques then an advertisement is able to achieve its economic value by efficiently distributing product information about the product. It is also appropriate that when various techniques are used to effectively disburse such information it is usually done within the cultural context of a given audience in order to gain acceptability. Hence since Platinum communication used the wrong means to design their products then it is reasonable to conclude that the since platinum communication used an inappropriate process of dispersing information to its target audience then the advertisement ultimately failed from achieving any economic goals/value. Consumers and various target audiences usually expect that advertisements will end up increasing the level of consumer satisfaction. Advertisement campaigns often force the community to either directly or indirectly force the targeted audience to buy the products due to the premise that the product will cater to the needs and desires of this audience. Advertising dictates the level of satisfaction and utility by simply altering the perceptions and attitudes of those who watch these advertisements. Advertising therefore could contribute to the pleasant stereotyping of certain groups of products which a company is selling by depicting them as products that will cause a high level of utility after they are purchased (Solomon 1994, 181-186). But in contrary unethical means of advertising may trick consumers into purchasing products on the premise of satisfaction. Hence this is why various advertisement industry participants usually come together and form a board or a regulatory body that will oversee that consumers are not exploited by malicious advertisers who trick them into purchasing their products (Ryan, 2004 121-133). Thus in some instances advertising can be unattractive and inconsistent with ethical principles and in such a case consumers may not realize the ec onomic value behind the assumption that advertisements are supposed to enhance the level of satisfaction which consumers experience when they purchase certain products. Advertising on the other hand can cultivate a fulsome lifestyle that squanders resources and thus no utility or satisfaction will be realized by the targeted audience once they acquire products which were previously advertised. When advertising reduces human improvement and satisfaction, after acquiring material goods and cultivating a particular message and lifestyle through various media then the advertisement will be considered to contain falsified destructive messages that are dangerous and in appropriate for the society (Arens, Weigold Arens 2011, 237). When advertisers fall short to follow a precise value for the moral, cultural and spiritual necessities, based on the self-respect of the individual and on the appropriate characteristics of each community and represent distorted facts about a product with an ai m of luring consumers into purchasing their products that this can be considered as unethical and in breach of advertisement codes of conduct. Conclusion Advertising has become more influential in our society; its exposure through radio, television, print and billboards advertisements has turned out to be a main influence in people’s purchases. Many individuals look up to advertisements so that they can form a basis under which they can justify their purchase decisions. Poorly designed advertisements Instead of receiving extra attraction from the consumer, have ended up irritating and the targeted audiences as was the case whereby the use of a culturally an acceptable language led to the rejection of Platinum communications advertisement which was meant for promoting use of safe road usage (Solomon 1994, 74-78). The poor planning and execution of the advertisement ended up sending the wrong message and disrupting the goals by the advertiser platinum communications. Additional ly the perceptions and attitude of the targeted audience soon went sour as soon as the advertisement went on air thus requiring it to be withdrawn. Considering advertisements’ societal major influence, it is necessary that the media regularly analyze and appraise the actions of advertisers to incorporate both aspects of globalization and localization which will thus enable them effectively use a mass market approach or a fragmented market approach to more effectively advertise products. Advertisers should therefore critically research on the culture of the targeted audience before making advertisements in order to avoid irritating consumers. Rather that arguing that their practices are legal or within guidelines it is i9mportant to go a step further and incorporate culturally accepted practices in making advertisements. In addition, regulatory bodies should be vigilant look for ways to control and dictate guidelines to the advertising industry and any other means of communica tion. References Arens, W. F., Weigold, M. F. Arens, C., 2011, Contemporary advertising, 13th edn. Boston: McGraw–Hill Irwin. Dahl, S., 2004. Cross-cultural advertising research: What do we know about the influence of culture on advertising? London: Middlesex University Business School. Duke University Libraries digital collections, 2008. â€Å"Ad*Access.† Duke University Libraries. Web. Koslow, S. Costley, C., 2010. â€Å"How consumer heterogeneity muddles the international advertising debate.† International Journal of Advertising, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 221–44. Munro P., 2001. â€Å"From oral health to perfect smiles: advertising and children’s oral health.† nidcr.nih.gov. Web. Reese, R., 2000. â€Å"From the fringe: the hip hop culture and ethnic relations.† Popular Culture Review, vol. XI, no. 2, 10. Ryan, R., 2004. â€Å"Beers ads less about the babes and more about the beer.† BT. Web. Smith, S 2005, ‘Don’t loo k now, but here comes podvertising’, OMMA The Magazine of Online Media, Marketing and Advertising. Web. Solomon, M., 1994. Consumer behavior, 2nd edn. Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon. Wang, J., 2005. â€Å"Youth culture, music and cell phone branding in China.† Global Media and Communication, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 185–201. This essay on Platinum Communications was written and submitted by user Viviana Hess to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.